Argument Pornography

Wackier focuses his argument on the slippery slope effect, which he claims is a negative effect of the censoring of pornography. In this context, the slippery slope effect Is defined by Historical as A serious risk that once any censorship is allowed, the power to censor will, over time, expand in unintended and undesirable directions (p. 382). This definition along with The fact that it is extremely difficult, If not Impossible, to formulate unequivocal and unambiguous criteria for censorship (Wackier p. 82), Wackier makes the conclusion that [t]he lippies slope effect will eventually.. . Suppress the rights, interests, and values of others (p . 382). I agree with Wassails flirts reason for his argument against the censorship of pornography. I also believe that the censorship of pornography will cause the slippery slope effect. Because the slippery slope effect Is extremely difficult to stop once it has been started, I believe the censorship of pornography will lead to the suppression of many freedoms of expression. When many freedoms of expression are suppressed then censorship no longer effects Just pornography In Longings sense. Therefore, I believe that by censoring pornography citizens of American will most likely have less expressive liberty. I also believe that once Longings definition of pornography Is censored, the slippery slope effect will continually occur, as its name Implies. Thus, the argument of censoring pornography as Longing defines it would cease to exist and the argument of censoring pornography as a less explicit definition than Longings would then take precedence.I believe that the redefining of pornography would continue to occur allowing new censorship arguments to rise. This snowball effect (the slippery lope effect) will eventually Impact numerous aspects of American life that were not intended to be effected by the original argument for censoring pornography. Though I could give several examples that redefining pornography eventually continually redefining pornography will eventually lead to the censorship of education because pornographic material, even as Longing defines it, is di scussed and visually presented in most higher educational institutions.Many college courses could not be taught if it were not for the liberty to openly discuss and watch pornography and all its aspects. If we begin to censor pornography, then the some aspects of the educational system will eventually disappear, such as certain health courses, and students in higher education will be slighted. Second, if pornography continues to be redefined the economy will be impacted. With the slippery slope effect, the definition of pornography will become so strict that many advertisements, movies, and art could not be displayed.The censorship of pornography in the television industry alone could lead to the loss of billions of dollars. More importantly, many artists and photographers who depict certain sexual scenes may e put out of work. So, that is why I believe the slippery slope effect will keep redefining pornography and allowing for the argument of censorship to encroach on many aspects of American life. A second reason Wackier gives for his argument that we should be wary of censoring pornography is that exposure to pornography has a cathartic effect and that it therefore produces a net reduction in harm to women (Wackier p. 83). Wackier further explains [t]his claim [the cathartic claim] is based upon two assumptions, neither of which has proven to be false: (1) Men who are not already violence-prone are ore likely to be Turned off than to be Turned on by depictions of rape, brutality, dismemberment, etc. (2) For men in the later category, exposure to pornography can function as a substitute for actually causing harm (Wackier p. 383). This quote explains Wassails definition of the cathartic effect in the context of pornography, although the cathartic effect can be applied to many aspects of life.I agree with Wassails second reason for why we should be wary of censoring pornography. I believe that people who are not mentally and physically attracted to violence are not mentally or physically attracted to depictions of violence in orangeroot. In addition, I believe that violent depictions in pornography act as an outlet for those people who are attracted physically and mentally to violent depictions in pornography. In other words, I too believe in the cathartic effect.I believe it is important to understand that the only reason an object or idea should be censored is if that object or idea violates an American law, such as the first amendment to the constitution. Although advocates of censorship believe that the Censorship of pornography is a legitimate means of preventing harm to women (Wackier, p. 83) and the fact there are documented cases of pornography leading to violent crime, I believe laws censoring pornography, as Longing defines it, should not be made.I believe this because by making censorship laws for pornography, as Longing defines it, a citizens rights and liberties will be infringed upon instead of being protected. Laws are made in America for many reasons, but for the most part, they are made to protect the rights and liberties of a citizen, which are outlined by the constitution, and these laws are made with the majority of citizens in mind. By read, use, or watch whatever they choose. The first amendment right, which includes freedom of speech, may be infringed upon.More importantly, I believe it is invalid to make censorship laws for pornography Just because a hundred or even a thousand cases of violent pornographic rape scenes were acted out. It is most likely that those people involved in those cases will still act out violent depictions of rape once pornog raphy is censored. Therefore, we should be wary about censoring pornography because it will only hinder our rights and liberties and it will not prohibit violent rape scenes from being depicted.That is why I agree with Wassails second reason for being wary of censoring pornography and believe we should be careful in the pornography censorship laws we make because they will not necessarily protect our rights and liberties as citizens. In this paper, I have shown that Mark Wackier believes the slippery slope effect will greatly impact American life because the slippery slope effect will lead to the constant redefining of pornography.I have also shown that the cathartic effect is a valid argument for why we should be wary about the censorship of pornography because it shows that censorship laws will to necessarily prohibit violent depictions of rape from being acted out and that our rights and liberties, such as the first amendment, will be infringed upon. I have supported those reasons with my own belie fs and logical reasoning. Thus, making both the slippery slope effect and the cathartic effect valid reasons for why Wackier and myself believe we should be wary of censoring pornography.It is essential to ask whether or not the issue impedes on an American value or violates a law. I have shown in this paper, through Wassails reasons as well as my own, that we should be wary about the censorship of pornography. Mark Wackier argues that we should be very wary about the censorship of pornography, even if pornography, as Helen Longing defines it, exists. In order to fully understand Wassails reason for being wary of the censorship of pornography it is important that we use Helen Longings definition of pornography.Helen Longing defines pornography as distinguishing characteristic The degrading and demeaning portrayal of the role Helen Longings definition can be used as the basis of numerous arguments dealing censorship of pornography is that negative side effects are likely to occur if he slippery slope effect is defined by Wackier as A serious risk that once any extremely difficult, if not impossible, to formulate unequivocal and unambiguous others (p. 382). I agree with Wassails first reason for his argument against the censorship of slippery slope effect.Because the slippery slope effect is extremely difficult to stop are suppressed then censorship no longer effects Just pornography in Longings I also believe that once Longings definition of pornography is censored, the slippery slope effect will continually occur, as its name implies. Thus, the argument lope effect) will eventually impact numerous aspects of American life that were not effects American life, I will give only two examples: education and economy.

The Local Rivals of Endeavour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Local Rivals of Endeavour - Essay Example The culture of the Chinese companies may significantly be different from the national culture of the country where Endeavour is located. Aside from Mikes obvious egotistic attitude, some factors may have been part of the conflict between Mikes coordination with the senior personnel among the Chinese contractors. Dealing with Asian companies requires certain people skills that know how the differences in the culture and these differences in the international socio-cultural environment can also play a part in Mikes offenses that have caused the conflicts, then the delays. The theories relating to judgment suggest that when there is a certain standard, a person is being compared to that standard which influences the judgment. Mike is a star engineering student. With the owners being engineers themselves, they know the standards that Mikes talents meet which has affected their judgment. With this standard, they thought, being a star engineering student will transform into a very much valued employee - one that contributes a lot of value to the company. Mike lives up to a certain degree of very high standards. However, not knowing that such standards in the university will not transform into standards of being a great manager. There is also a point that because one of the owners view Mike as himself, the standards are further distorted. The team fails to work well because the group dynamics have been distorted by Mikes attitudes. In order for a team to function well, there should be some harmony among the members in the form of good communication and the huge variance of personality between Mike and the other team members. However, Mikes attitudes especially when he has been consulted for some technical things has made communication worse - when the other members bring up a legitimate problem such as in the case of the Chinese contractors, Mike becomes defensive.  

Critically discuss the key factors influencing protein requirements in Essay

Critically discuss the key factors influencing protein requirements in adults - Essay Example Together, these form the dynamic system of the body which contains the functional and structural aspects that help in nitrogen exchange to the environment (Joint, W. H. O., 2007). Thus the amount of protein that has to be consumed to meet these conditions of the body is termed as the protein requirement. Protein is the next bigger component of body tissues after water (Subar, et al., 2003). They are large molecules made of amino acids and are bonded together by peptides (Richards & Richmond, 2009). It is therefore important to take in proteins as they are used to maintain body tissue, which is constantly tearing and wearing out. A model on the protein needs is defined in terms of the organism metabolic demand and a demand of the diet that satisfies those needs for example efficiency of utilization (Elango, et al., 2010). The issue of protein intake in older adults is however controversial because some specialists warn that too much of it could cause toxicity while others argue that is important to take moderately high proteins to offset age related low energy intake and to maintain nitrogen balance (Millward, 2001). It is estimated that adults should take 0.75g (Young & Borgonha, 2000) of protein per kilogram of body weight to be on the safe side of nutrition deficiencies. These proteins should have a high digestibility and enough amounts of amino acids (Campbell, et al., 2008). These requirements can be satisfied by eating eggs, milk, fish and meat. Additionally legumes have a high amount of protein (Duranti, 2006). Since aging is associated with different physiologic and metabolic changes, the dietary pro tein requirements might also change. These changes may include decline in physical activity, changes in body composition due to loss of muscles, increased disease frequency in the older adults, decline in food intake, and decline in physical function capacity (Massey, 2003). These changes

Essay --

With the growing number of people supporting the legalization of marijuana is it time to pass laws and make recreational use legal, or do all faults outweigh the good? The debate on whether marijuana should be legalized is currently a controversial topic. Many people have expressed their views on the topic, supporting their reasons for whether they think marijuana should be legalized. For some states it was easier to decide if the pros of legalizing marijuana outweighed the cons; such as Colorado and Washington. These states have already legalized the recreational use of marijuana. Marijuana is a fast-growing bushy plant with dense sticky flowers. It has been a part of our American culture for hundreds of years. It has been referred to as a poison, drug and narcotic. It is believed that marijuana was introduced by the Spanish in 1545 to Chile. In America the plant was first grown in Virginia and Massachusetts in the sixteen hundreds. It became a major commercial crop that was grown along with tobacco and was a source of fiber for fabric, rope and cloth. Later it was used to treat many health problems. During the 19th century many medical articles were written discussing marijuana’s value in treating conditions. The plant was considered legal from the 1600’s until the 19th century. Marijuana became popular in the mid-19th century and was in most drugstores through the beginning of the 20th century. It was around this time that recreational use of marijuana was becoming acknowledged. Marijuana has been illegal in the United States since t he Marijuana Tax Act of 1937. This is a federal law that made the possession or transfer of marijuana illegal throughout the United States. This law was the precursor to the crimina... ...ression, motivational syndrome, and even death. The brain damage has been shown to cause memory loss and difficulty in problem solving. In males, it will lower testosterone levels, lower sperm count, and may cause impotence. In females, marijuana may have some effects on pregnancy and can also cause birth defects. Legalization of marijuana could eventually lead to the legalization of harder drugs. Slowly progressing till it becomes possible for harder drugs to gain acceptance. Drugs like heroin, cocaine, and amphetamines, which many view now as unacceptable could eventually be up for legalization. Both sides give legitimate reasons whether it was for or against the legalization and should be taken into consideration. In the end when all sides of the argument are considered, it is simply a matter of opinion on whether you think marijuana should be legalized.

Tv Show Analysis

Blake Miller 3/26/13 Writing Assignment #3 Everyone experiences multiple romantic relationships throughout their life. Some are great and others are down right awful. There are many factors that determine the experience of the relationship for both parties and ultimately romantic relationships work best when people are at the same stages of relationship growth as their partner. The romantic relationship I want to talk about is my relationship with my girlfriend Alex of 4 years. We started dating when we were in high school and then continued into college.We have only taken a break from our relationship once for about 2 months but besides that have always done long distance with semi frequent trips in between major school breaks. All of which has strengthened and formed our bond into the amazing relationship we have today. Most relationships begin and end in similar ways however some move faster than others and skip important steps that are vital for a healthy relationship and this is why Knapp’s Model of Relational Development is a good guideline for starting a relationship.Alex and I began dating in January of my senior year, however, this is not when our relationship began according to Knapp’s Model of Relational Development. The first stage of Knapp’s Model is the initiating stage. For Alex and I this stage occurred when our younger brothers became friends and her family invited my family over for dinner. It was my first time officially meeting her even though I knew who she was from school.Throughout the dinner the two of us talked and did dishes together but acted as friends getting to know each other. However, my interest in her had begun but she had a different boyfriend at the time. The next stage of Knapp’s Model is the experimenting stage. â€Å"†¦the process of experimenting is trying to discover the unknown† (BB2 pg. 5). This is the stage where people try to learn about the other and find some common interests or hobbies. For Alex and I this was sports and our brothers.Many times I got to know Alex best before we began dating when we would attend our brothers soccer and basketball games and we would sit and talk about a variety of different topics. After the experimenting stage comes the intensifying stage. The intensifying stage is the point in a developing relationship where two individuals start to share more personal and intimate information about themselves. For our relationship it was when Alex and I went on our first date.Alex and I spent our first date consisted of me picking her up from her house and bringing her to my house to have popcorn and watch Pirates of the Caribbean, the film she wanted to watch which I later found out was because she loves Orlando Bloom. It was the first time we spent time alone talking more intimately and having more physical contact like snuggling on the couch. This stage lasted for a few weeks and included our first kiss, which was outside on a benc h after school. Naturally the next stage is the integration stage. The relationship has now reached a point where the two individuals personalities almost seem to fuse or coalesce†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (BB2 pg. 8). This stage occurred for us when I asked Alex to be my girlfriend on January 6th 2009 at a restaurant called Little Shin Shin. That day will forever be a memorable day for me and began the stage of integration that has lasted for years. The final stage, the bonding stage is more of a marital and legal binding stage and whether that is the final plan for Alex and I is still to be determined.My relationship with Alex has definitely followed Knapp’s Model of Relational Development. It has been very easy for me to reflect back and think of various interactions and moments that link exactly to the different definitions of the various stages. I believe that Knapp’s Model is accurate and an effective way to develop and create a stable, healthy and happy romantic relationshi p with another individual. Sources 1. Knapp, M. L. , & Vangelisti, A. L. (2009). Interpersonal Communication and Human Relationships (6th ed. , pp. 34-42). Boston, MA:   Allyn & Bacon.

The Time From September 1939 - 924 Words

The study of the time from September 1939 through June 1941 is crucial for understanding the creation of the â€Å"Final Solution†. Under the rule of Adolf Hitler, there was already some sort of anti-Semitism. Germans were convinced through propaganda that Jews were their enemy and the cause of all their turmoil. He had a clear hatred of Jews; they made him â€Å"Sick to [his] stomach† (pg 47). The oppression and segregation of Jews was applied in stages. . In just two years Nazi Jewish policy escalated rapidly from the prewar policy of forced emigration to the â€Å"Final Solution†. The term â€Å"Final Solution† refers to the Nazi program of annihilating the Jews of Europe during the Third Reich. During the era of the Holocaust, German authorities also targeted other groups because of their perceived racial inferiority. The genocide, of the Jews was the height of a decade of increasingly severe discriminatory measures that were put in place by the German s. Before the invasion of Poland, There were laws put in place by Hitler and his advisors that took away the full rights of Jewish people. No more citizenship rights for Jews. Germans classified Jews as a people on their own. With all of these Anti-Jewish measures, the Nazi leaders wanted to drive the Jews out of Germany by systematically isolating them from German society and by excluding them from the German economy, taking away any opportunity for them to make a living in Germany. This was seen as one of the first steps towards the â€Å"FinalShow MoreRelated Motives of Adolf Hitler in Audens Epitaph on a Tyrant and September 1, 1939761 Words   |  4 Pages Adolf Hitler was a very powerful man, and had a disturbing vision of how the world should be. W.H. Auden was interested in Adolf Hitler, and this interest can be seen in Auden’s poetry. September 1, 1939 and Epitaph on a Tyrant are two poems in which Auden scrutinizes Hitler’s actions. 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Iga Marketing Plan - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2363 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Execute Summary The purpose for this document is to describe, and provide a framework for an optimized marketing plan for IGA Australia entering into Chinese market in the period May 2010 to May 2013. The report offers a structure for developing, implementing and controlling IGA China marketing program for the international IGA brand, in order to achieve focal objectives as followed in this plan. The Competitive Analysis points out the fact that the Retail Industry is dominated by 3 major competitors including Wal-Mart, Trust Mart and Carrefour in China. The SWOT Analysis included, helps develop the following Marketing Objectives: †¢First year in May 2010-May 2011, aim at $100,000 sales income †¢Achieve 2012 sales target (3-7% increase from 2011 sales results) †¢Increase market share by 5% †¢Increase brand preference by 3% 6000 customers to visit Community IGA per month in each location †¢Reach 60 customers traffic in IGA X-press per day; achieve 5% increase in sales every season †¢Establish a loyalty program and acquire 3,000 new members per month in each city The plan also states that the target market for aged 25-40 elite workforce who professionally employed and pursuit high quality lifestyle, living in economic booming cities in China. The plan also lists the marketing objectives which help achieve effective outcomes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Iga Marketing Plan" essay for you Create order These result in developing communication activities which include Advertising, Sales promotion, Digital marketing, Events and Public relations. Finally, it is mentioned that through Internal reporting, Survey, Website Visitor Trackers, Market Research, and Retail Measurement Reports, the Monitoring and Evaluation can be conducted. 1. Introduction IGA organization is owned by Metcash in Australia, a South African-based retailer and wholesaler. The company supplies groceries, promotional materials and other things to a large number of locally owned Australian supermarkets, and a few smaller chains. IGA has three distribution channels: IGA Supa, IGA, and IGA X-press, which remained strong in the face of growing chain competition. IGA has mature and strong distributions to invest into a new country. 2. Segmentation IGA operates as a retailer successfully in USA, Canada, and Australia. Chinese market is considered as a new opportunity to expand its realm in Asia countries. Unique culture and different customer behaviors in China will be emphasized in differentiating target market. Different from home countries’ strategies, some new attempts will apply in Chinese market. . 1 Competitive analysis Supermarket Industry in China is dominated a few players with concentrated market share. Source: Euromonitor Report- Supermarkets – China – June 2009 As the chart illustrated, there are many strong foreign retailers have tapped into Chinese market, such as Wal-Mart, Trust Mart, Carrefour, Metro, and Tesco. In particular, Wal-Mart occupied 47. 6% of the market in 2009, dominating the retail industry by strong suppliers and its global brand awareness. 11. 5% of the total market was made up by Trust Mart in 2009. Carrefour represented 9. 9% in 2009. Both Metro and Tesco accounted for 7. 1% of the Chinese market. 16. 7% of the market share was constituted by other grocery stores. Discount retailers (e. g. Trust Mart) offer consumers a narrow merchandise selection in a bid to contain costs and present competitive pricing. Larger operators (Wal-Mart and Carrefour) are the dominance in the industry as they stock an extensive range of merchandise. These supermarkets have successfully competed on prices, but the disadvantage is the location for these giant shopping malls normally out of the town. (IBIS, 2010) 2. 2 Buyers Behavior Factors effecting purchase behavior include the global trend toward health food and the economic downturn. Consumers are increasingly choosing healthier or low sugar products. (Euromonitor, 2008) Additionally, the emergence of the ethical consumer signifies a shift toward a knowledgeable shopper who considers product origin and sustainable methods of production with equitable trading conditions in their purchase decisions – a target for manufacturers of organic and fair-trade retail products. (IBISWorld, 2009) In China, consumers can be divided into four classes. As the chart shown below, there are 5% of people who are affluent (above 20,000 RMB per month). In addition, 15% of the people who earn 6000-10,000RMB are considered as IGA’s potential consumers-‘the New Wealth Class’. Consumers at this level are mostly well-educated. They require higher quality of the life and easily accept the new things without considering the prices. (China Daily, 2009) They are the symbol of new wealth generation who aged 25-40 with high income and strong purchasing power. They appreciate the life of LOHO (lifestyles of health and sustainability) and SOHO. Source: Euromonitor Report- Income report in China, June 2009 2. 3 Position IGA positions itself in Chinese market as a medium size supermarket operating in the upscale community, providing high quality products, adopting the new technology, and fostering customers in choosing a new lifestyle. 2. 4 Geo-demographic Segmentation Geo-demographic segmentation is a concept that combines the geographic data and demographic data in order to describe the consumers and neighborhoods specifically (Kotler Keller Burton, 2009). In China, Xiamen, Nanjing, Wuhan, Dongguan, Hangzhou, Ningbo, will be the first five cities IGA intend to enter. These five cities are picked up because of its physical size and the representative of economic booming areas. Although the metropolitan cities like Beijing and Shanghai have more potential purchasing power, competitions are overwhelming intensive. It is difficult for IGA to enter as a fresher in China. IGA is not a huge enterprise that has enough capital to operate in metropolitan cities. Thus, the middle size cities are the best choices for IGA’s first move. Furthermore, IGA has the experience operated in other countries also in middle size cities. Take Australia as an example, IGA chose the secondary city like Brisbane as the target market, and operates business in the suburb community. The core competitive advantage of IGA is convenience. Housewives can buy high quality goods nearby their houses. Additionally, people live in suburb are highly affluent, well insured. They have good economic foundation. IGA will run its business confidently in China due to its empirical experience. Simultaneously, IGA chooses the young- middle aged workforce with high income (6000-10000 RMB per month) living in the upscale community as its main target market. 2. 5 Target markets IGA’s target market consists of elite workforce aged 25-40 who live in the increasing economic middle size cities in China. The target market can be further defined using the values and lifestyle (VALSâ„ ¢) typology –they are ‘Achievers’ who have goal-oriented lifestyles and are committed to their careers and their families. Work offers them material rewards and prestige. (Schiffman et al, 2008). IGA defines its target audience as the workforce who receives middle-high income (6000-10000 RMB per month). 3. Market Objectives The marketing objectives detailed below specify goals for next three years from May, 2010 to May 2013. ?Specific: Invest approximately $3. 5 million in target cities for starting three community-friendly grocery stores- IGA and 10 IGA X-press convenient stores. Create IGA brand awareness to 40% in target market and increase preference by 3% each month gradually. Business in the first year (May2010-May 2011), market aim income for sales achieves $100,000. Sales income will increase 3%-7% sales result each year. Community-Friendly grocery stores- IGA; IGA X-press convenient stores ?Measurable: occupy 5% market share by comparing to major competitors in China, and achieve sales target to $100,000 by the end of May 2011. ?Attainable: Become the first choice of retailers for customers who live in residential areas by establishing community-friendly IGA distributions and creating a convenient network of IGA X-press convenient shops in central areas. Relevant: create a high efficiency service group by training staff with IGA Global management, and build up strong loyalty program with technology innovation on sales and online shopping system for employees and customers ? Time-bound: Achieve sales target in three years period from May 2010 to May 2013. 4. Marketing Mix 4. 1 Product Refer to the product differentiation, as a new entrant; style factor is our focal point to attract new customers as well. Comparing with dominant players, Wal-Mart and Carrefour have strong brand reputation on prices. Therefore, in the short term, IGA will make difference by cooperating with local fresh farm and high quality suppliers and create its own IGA label. Product will be divided into different ranges, covering fresh goods to ready-to-eat food and household products. Regarded as sustainable, shopper relevant and differentiated from similar goods on the market, the introduction of private labels has offered retailers access to greater margins. In addition to increased profitability, private labels have enabled retailers to gain a better understanding of the manufacturing cost involved and better manage their margins. IBIS, 2010) Growing consumer demand for organic goods has also been an influential factor in the product range on offer by supermarkets. In addition, new technology shopping trolley will be introduced instead of in-store consultants, which has controlled digital pad telling products’ exact location and relevant products information. The application of intellectualized in struments will be key attractiveness to target consumers. For long term observation, how to maintain new technology shopping trolley to be a â€Å"weapon† to stand in this market is very important. We need to improve service and technology maintenance, such as employees training and software update. Time periodProduct (service ) Strategy of IGA Short term May 2010- May 2011†¢Cooperation with local fresh farm as suppliers, apply IGA label †¢Introduce new technology digital Pad trolley Medium term October 2010-May 2012†¢Build up trust network with more suppliers in regional areas (east, south, north, southeast food suppliers) Long term May 2010- May 2013†¢Improve service and technology innovation (Website maintenance, Online shopping) Long term relationship with customers by digital VIP card 4. 2 Pricing Unlike direct selling or franchising, members in a voluntary chain still holds the property rights of theirs assets and have their own independent financial system. (IGA, 2010) As a voluntary chain retailer, IGA has benefited from their cooperation on procurement, distribution and operation, which brings advantages on purchasing, information sharing and brand building. As a new entrant, IGA may not have enough experience to compete with quantity and price, but with confidence on high quality goods and services. Meanwhile, determining demand from customer is important, the higher the price, the lower the demand (Kotler, 2009). Production-Quality leadership is suitable for IGA price positioning. In order to meet customer’s demand and mindset, surveys is necessary to analyze modest prices among competitors. In connection with target market of IGA, people who live in high class community keen on healthy and quality lifestyle rather than price chasing. IGA will endeavor to build up brand reputation in community. Seasonal discount for relevant high quality products only provides to customers who own digital VIP card. Hence, brand-conscious consumers have continued to shop at stores where they are able to purchase merchandise they have become accustomed to. (IBIS, 2010) Time periodPrice strategy of IGA Short run†¢Prestige pricing: considered location and unique customer service can justify higher prices. Retailers that stock high-quality merchandise that isnt available at any other location may be quite successful in pricing their products above competitors. Medium run†¢Competitive price: Consumers have many choices and are generally willing to shop around to receive the best price. IGA considering a competitive pricing strategy will need to provide outstanding customer service to stand above the competition. Long run†¢Markup and Markdown prices seasonally 4. 3 Distribution The entry mode of IGA would be introduced as voluntary chain. These organizations will achieve economies of scale, greater purchasing power, wider brand recognition and better-trained employees than independent stores. (Kolter, 2009) The appropriate level of market coverage is situation-specific, depending on product, characteristics, and on customers buying behavior. Base on our segmentation analysis, customers are targeted as aged 25-40 elite workforce and young family who live in Nan jing; Xia men; Dong guan; Wuhan; Ning bo; Hang zhou. Time periodDistribution Strategy of IGA Introduction period May 2010-May 2011 †¢Specialty shelf sections on healthy and organic food, †¢High service with technological innovation in community-friendly shops Growth period May 2011- May 2012†¢IGA X-press shops in central city; †¢IGA community-friendly markets: expanded to more high class communities and cities Maturity period May 2012-2013†¢Mass Merchants Co-operate with local restaurants, supply organic products 4. 4 Promotion Retailers need high levels of traffic to keep merchandise moving. In China, IGA will develop consistent promotional campaigns to build up relationship with customers. Substantially improve the healthy and advanced image of IGA in customers’ lifestyle circle. ?Cooperation with Real Estate According to distribut ions, IGA can cooperate with real estate companies to achieve mutual benefit. The convenience of shopping and high quality surrounding environment is attractive to people willing to invest or live in this area. ?Digital VIP Card Provide personal digital VIP card to cultivate brand loyalty and create prestige of customers. Digital card can also apply to trolley pad saving credits by next season discount. Retailer’s credit customers more store loyal and purchase on larger quantities making them an excellent target for promotions ? Website of IGA Company website of IGA will increase brand awareness, also customers can experience through online shop. Functionality allowing customers to download receipt and vouchers online, to check products information and discounts and synchronize the customers’ shopping credit ? Word-of-mouth Marketing Build up IGA’s brand awareness. Brand-conscious consumers have continued to shop at stores where they are able to purchase merchandise they have become accustomed to. (IBIS, 2010) As the better services and goods we provided, the more people heard from others and want to experience in IGA. It saves money on promotional budget so that cost of products can be lowered. ?Advertising in media As a new grocery store in middle cities, IGA will choose print media rather than broadcasting media in the first year. In order to access mass target customers, weekly paper in community and local magazines will be chosen to promote healthy image of IGA. Also, outdoor advertisement posters will be placed in community area and stations near around to attract households. In the future time, TV ad will be used to expand more customers in the whole city. Reference Euromonitor International. (2009, February 26). Consumer lifestyles – Australia. Retrieved from from Global Market Information Database. IBIS World (2010, March) Supermarkets and Other Grocery Stores in Australia (G5111) Retrieved from IBISWorld database. IGA, get fresh at IGA† viewed on 09/04/10 https://www. iga. net. au/igafresh/index. cfm? age_id=2063breadcrumb=Our IGA Website (2010) https://www. iga. com/consumer/default. aspx Kotler, P. Keller, K. L. Burton, S. (2009). Marketing management (13th ed. ). Sydney: Pearson Education Segal, M. N. Giacobbe, R. W. (1994), Market Segmentation and Competitive Analysis for Supermarket Retailing, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, Vol. 22 (1), pp. 38-48. Supermarkets in China Industry Report, 05 Feb 2010, viewed 08/04/10 https://www. ibisworld. com. cn/industry/retail. aspx? indid=881chid=1